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Information
Congenital Heart Diseases
Cardiac abnormalities from birth and follow-up in adulthood.
01What is PFO?+
A PFO, or patent foramen ovale, is a small communication between the atria that remains from the fetal circulation.
It is a relatively common finding and for most people it does not cause a problem.
02Is PFO the same as ASD?+
No.
PFO and atrial septal defect (ASD) are different conditions in their anatomy and hemodynamic significance.
03Does a PFO always need to be closed?+
No.
The presence of a PFO alone is not an indication of closure. The decision depends on the clinical context and why it was discovered.
04What is interatrial communication?+
It is a real anatomical defect in the septum between the two sinuses.
Its importance depends on the size of the communication and the hemodynamic burden it causes.
05What is bicuspid aortic valve?+
A normal aortic valve usually has three leaflets. A bicuspid valve has two functioning leaflets.
It may be associated with valve narrowing or leakage and, in some patients, enlargement of the aorta.
06Does the aorta need to be monitored if I have a bicuspid valve?+
In many cases yes, because bicuspid aortic valve can be associated with changes in the diameter of the ascending aorta.
07Should relatives be screened?+
In some congenital conditions, such as bicuspid aortic valve, screening of first-degree relatives may make sense.
08Can I play sports?+
Often yes.
The decision depends on the type of congenital heart disease, severity, presence of residual damage, and type of exercise.
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